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- <text id=94TT1196>
- <title>
- Sep. 05, 1994: Disney:It's a Small World After All
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
- Sep. 05, 1994 Ready to Talk Now?:Castro
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- DISNEY, Page 54
- It's a Small World After All
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> Disney turned out not to be big enough for Michael Eisner and
- his protege. Now Jeffrey Katzenberg is striding into the unknown.
- </p>
- <p>By Richard Corliss--Reported by Patrick E. Cole and Jeffrey Ressner/Los Angeles
- </p>
- <p> A few weeks ago, at a Las Vegas video convention, Jeffrey Katzenberg,
- chieftain of the Disney movie jungle, was joined onstage by
- an adult lion to tout The Lion King, the most successful film
- in the company's history. Suddenly the beast wrapped its paw
- around Katzenberg's thigh. The audience gasped, the trainer
- scrambled, and the wiry mogul wriggled free, raising his arms
- in victory.
- </p>
- <p> As it turned out, Katzenberg escaped the jaws of a lion but
- got devoured by a mouse. Last week the empire that Mickey built
- announced that Katzenberg, 43, was resigning Sept. 30, when
- his contract with the company expires. Chairman Michael Eisner,
- 52, had rebuffed his longtime protege's plea to succeed the
- late Frank Wells as second-in-command. And rather than stay
- as czar of all the rushes--supervising Disney's huge, 40-film-a-year
- slate, including the bijou animation unit--Katzenberg walked.
- Joe Roth, the former movie boss of 20th Century Fox who was
- running the Caravan unit at Disney, assumes Katzenberg's responsibility
- for the live-action films. Roy Disney, Walt's nephew, and Peter
- Schneider will be in charge of animation.
- </p>
- <p> "Michael never wanted a No. 2 person," says Richard Frank, who
- runs the TV unit at Disney. In fact, Eisner, who underwent a
- successful quadruple-bypass operation two months ago, was looking
- not to share power but to disperse it--to impose a system
- not of hierarchy but lowerarchy, with division heads getting
- more power. "We're a large, multifaceted, multinational company,"
- Eisner says. "We just all felt we had to decentralize, to run
- it in the divisional route."
- </p>
- <p> That's a pretty dry way to describe the termination of one of
- Hollywood's most successful professional marriages, which in
- the decade since the two men came to Disney pushed company revenues
- from $1.4 billion to $8.5 billion. And if last week's climactic
- conversation were dialogue in a Disney script, Katzenberg would
- tell the writer to punch it up. It went like this:
- <list>
- Michael: Hi!
- Jeffrey: Hi!
- Michael: How ya doin'?
- Jeffrey: Great. It's too bad we can't work together.
- Michael: Yeah.
- </list>
- </p>
- <p> Katzenberg calls it "the most pleasantly comfortable and unstressful
- conversation we've had with each other in a year."
- </p>
- <p> Still, the last week was an emotional bath for both men, who
- have worked together for 19 years, ever since Katzenberg joined
- Eisner at Paramount Pictures. "Bittersweet is a good way to
- describe our parting," says Eisner. "I wished that Jeffrey were
- 10 years younger and didn't have the normal and natural ambition
- to move on." He felt he was at an executive-clock-ticking moment,
- and those things happen.
- </p>
- <p> Hollywood went seismic over the news. The town regards Katzenberg
- as the most demanding boss and the keenest people pleaser in
- the business. People wondered why Eisner, if he didn't want
- Katzenberg to run Disney's business side as Wells had, didn't
- simply redefine the job and take the younger man on as a junior
- partner--instead of what he will surely become, a ferocious
- competitor.
- </p>
- <p> "I think Jeffrey should have been given anything he asked for,
- based on his mountain of accomplishments at Disney," says Steven
- Spielberg, who is co-owner with Katzenberg of Dive, the scalding-hot
- new Century City eatery. "But I don't think he's feeling bitter
- about it. He's looking forward to an exciting future."
- </p>
- <p> His past is nothing to be ashamed of, either. At his departure,
- Disney had the year's biggest movie hit (The Lion King), the
- highest-rated TV show (Home Improvement), the No. 1 soundtrack
- (The Lion King) and the top-grossing Broadway show (Beauty and
- the Beast). Katzenberg was the best at a lot of things--including
- making a distinctive kind of bad movie. The typical Disney live-action
- film, like The Mighty Ducks or even the solar-plexus hit Pretty
- Woman, was a concoction of heavy sentiment and broad comedy
- designed to appeal to the lowest common spectator.
- </p>
- <p> But, hey, every studio boss makes those films. What none of
- the others did was to resuscitate the animated feature, a great,
- dormant tradition that Disney invented and that Katzenberg,
- 50 years later, helped perfect into a daydream machine that
- made both money and witty, tuneful, resonant popular art. The
- kudos he took for this renaissance rankled Roy Disney, who,
- according to a former studio executive, "had a personal vendetta"
- against Katzenberg that may have spurred last week's departure.
- But, as a company insider says, "Jeffrey made a difference in
- the way animated films are made today. He fulfilled the same
- role that Walt did in the early days, challenging and cajoling
- people to do better work." Jeffrey is not a great storyteller,
- but he knows a great story when he hears it. The next one, due
- out in June '95, is Pocahontas, but for years the cartoons will
- bear Katzenberg's stamp. Last week, when he told his daughter
- Laura, 11, about his departure, she fretfully asked, "What will
- happen to Pocahontas?" He assured her, "Pocahontas is gonna
- be the best ever."
- </p>
- <p> One audience that Katzenberg could not sell was the Disney board
- of directors. "We were looking for a person--one person or
- a number of people--to support Michael Eisner," says Raymond
- Watson, chairman of the board's executive committee. "Michael
- didn't want to give Jeffrey what he wanted: involvement in the
- overall policy of the company, which is what Frank Wells had.
- Frank could negotiate a contract, meet with the president of
- General Motors and work out a deal, that sort of thing." The
- implication is that Katzenberg couldn't. Another board member
- says, "Look, there are thousands of people involved in the animation
- unit. We don't think we're going to miss much of a beat. As
- for live action, our record hasn't been all that good, so we
- may luck out and find that we can do better."
- </p>
- <p> The Katzenberg camp would dismiss these charges. For 40 quarters
- in a row, the studio has been within 1% of 20% growth in earnings
- and revenues. Katzenberg freely admits to being the stingiest
- executive in movies. But, as he says, "I'm a builder, not a
- presider," and it was that restlessness that led him to agitate
- for the No. 2 job.
- </p>
- <p> Two weeks before the announcement, Katzenberg knew it was over.
- "I knew it wasn't going to work, and I said as much to him."
- Eisner nonetheless asked him to come up with a proposal that
- might save the marriage. "So I put together a list of four pages,"
- Katzenberg says. "It took me several days. I dealt with the
- movie studio, then the company, then the outside world--things
- that would reinvent the company, as Michael has often said he
- wants to do. I met with Michael last Wednesday to discuss them.
- And you know, that envelope is still in my briefcase. We never
- got around to the conversation."
- </p>
- <p> Katzenberg still speaks of Eisner with affection and respect.
- "For 19 years," he says, "Michael has been my mentor, teacher,
- No. 1 champion, my boss and my friend. I just wanted him to
- take me as his partner, to bring me into his inner circle. I
- did not want his job. I was prepared to be his No. 2 guy. This
- was a teacher and a student, and now the student asked to be
- a teacher's assistant. It's been Eisner & Son, and that's how
- Michael wanted it to remain."
- </p>
- <p> Katzenberg, who waxes ecstatic over the allegorical import behind
- the cartoons, is asked to explain the allegory of his traumatic
- week. "It's about a father not being able to accept a son,"
- he says. "I still don't understand it, and it's hard to reconcile."
- </p>
- <p> But when he looks ahead, the old enthusiasm returns. "There's
- a gigantic shift in the world of entertainment, and as I try
- to find my future in it, I've decided only to have one rule,
- and that is: there are no rules. Maybe I should start my own
- company. Maybe I'll work for a company where I own one share
- or a big equity stake. Maybe I'll go over to Dive and make sub
- sandwiches." As of Oct. 1, he is at leisure. "I'll take a 60-day
- pit stop--and I'm sure I'll be incompetent at that. I want
- to rest and recharge, make sure there's enough traction on them
- wheels." Or perhaps, as he told Eisner in a friendly chat at
- week's end, "I'll start up a company, and later you'll buy it.
- Then I'll end up working for you."
- </p>
- <p> For now, though, the Katzenberg era at Disney--one of phenomenal
- growth, an eerie stability and that amazing revival of the precious
- cartoon heritage--has ended. Oh well, as the Lion King would
- say, hakuna matata. Not to worry. Eisner will reinvent his company,
- and soon, perhaps, Katzenberg will invent his own. For the moment,
- he's in the hot seat. His former colleague--and future competitor--is sitting in the Katzenberg seat.
- </p>
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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